一種新型軌道交通電源的浪涌電流抑制電路設(shè)計
劉佳偉，席赫，徐文婧，侯欣延，王闖
(中車大連電力牽引研發(fā)中心有限公司研究院，遼寧 大連 116052)
摘 要：由于軌道交通領(lǐng)域?qū)﹄娫吹目闺姶鸥蓴_要求較高，故在輸入端裝有容量較大的濾波電容，導(dǎo)致開機(jī)過程中產(chǎn)生較大的浪涌電流。通過分析浪涌電流的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理，結(jié)合現(xiàn)有典型電路存在的不足，設(shè)計了一種新型的基于 NTC 熱敏電阻和 MOSFET 器件組合的浪涌電流抑制電路。該設(shè)計結(jié)合了兩種器件的優(yōu)勢并規(guī)避了其不足，再通過仿真計算及試驗驗證了該電路抑制啟動浪涌電流效果，能夠?qū)⒗擞侩娏?/span>控制在額定電流的 3 倍以內(nèi)，有效解決了軌道交通領(lǐng)域板級電源開機(jī)過程中浪涌電流較大的問題，具有較好的工程應(yīng)用價值。
關(guān)鍵詞： 濾波電容；浪涌電流；熱敏電阻；MOSFET 器件
中圖分類號：TN386.1 ；TN710.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A 文章編號：1007-3175(2025)08-0020-04
Design of Surge Current Suppression Circuit for a New Type of
Rail Transit Power Supply
LIU Jia-wei, XI He, XU Wen-jing, HOU Xin-yan, WANG Chuang
（CRRC Dalian R&D Co., Ltd, Dalian 116052, China）
Abstract: Due to the high requirements for electromagnetic interference(EMI) resistance in the rail transit sector, large-capacity filter capacitors are installed at the input end, which consequently generates significant surge current during the startup process. By analyzing the mechanism of surge current generation and combining the shortcomings of existing typical circuits, a new surge current suppression circuit based on a combination of negative temperature coefficient(NTC) thermistors and MOSFET devices was designed. This design combines the advantages of both devices while avoiding their shortcomings. Through simulation calculations and experimental verification, the circuit's ability to suppress surge current during startup has been validated, with surge current controlled to within three times the rated current. This effectively addresses the issue of excessive inrush current during power-on in board-level power supplies for rail transit applications, demonstrating significant engineering application value.
Key words: filter capacitor; surge current; thermistor; MOSFET device
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] 馬立偉，王大龍，李京濤，等. 航空設(shè)備電源電流沖擊防護(hù)設(shè)計及分析[J]. 測控技術(shù)，2020，39(9) ：124-127.
[2] 姜東升，邱羽玲. 基于 MOSFET 器件的開機(jī)浪涌電流抑制電路設(shè)計[J]. 電源技術(shù)，2019，43(7) ：1216-1218.
[3] 羅明輝. 熱敏電阻在電源電路設(shè)計中的應(yīng)用[J]. 河南科技，2013(5) ：193-197.
[4] 張相軍，王衛(wèi)，呂志偉，等. 一種啟動沖擊電流抑制電路[J]. 電機(jī)與控制學(xué)報，2011，15(6) ：19-24.
[5] 張偉，張?zhí)┓澹攤ィ? 基于 MOSFET 適用于母線開關(guān)的浪涌抑制電路[J] . 電源技術(shù)，2015，39(10) ：2222-2224.
[6] 管要賓. 應(yīng)用于升壓型 DC-DC 的新穎軟啟動電路的設(shè)計[J]. 電子科技，2015，28(6) ：170-172.
