直流偏磁對變壓器電流影響及其抑制研究
高歌，徐建源，曹辰
（沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué) 電氣工程學(xué)院，遼寧 沈陽 110870）
摘 要：以SZ11-100000/220 變壓器為研究對象，應(yīng)用PSCAD/EMTDC搭建變壓器模型進(jìn)行時域仿真，分析不同直流偏置量下變壓器勵磁電流及諧波特性的影響規(guī)律。基于阻容隔直法抑制措施進(jìn)行優(yōu)化分析，提出一種具有故障保護(hù)作用的阻容隔直法抑制措施。通過設(shè)計電路主要參數(shù)，搭建變壓器模型，仿真分析直流偏磁抑制措施使用前后的變壓器直流偏磁情況。仿真結(jié)果表明，變壓器勵磁電流畸變程度與流入中性點(diǎn)的直流量呈正相關(guān)。當(dāng)直流分量為5 A時，勵磁電流正半周為6.23 A，負(fù)半周為-0.30 A，并出現(xiàn)偶次諧波。當(dāng)采取所提出的抑制措施后，中性點(diǎn)的直流量控制在了可允許范圍內(nèi)，極大地減弱了直流偏磁程度，若系統(tǒng)故障，裝置中旁路立即接地，保護(hù)了電容器安全運(yùn)行。
關(guān)鍵詞：變壓器；直流偏磁；阻容隔直法；勵磁電流；諧波特性；抑制措施
中圖分類號：TM401+.1 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A 文章編號：1007-3175(2020)04-0011-05
Research on the Influence of Transformer Current and Its Suppression Under DC Bias
GAO Ge, XU Jian-yuan, CAO Chen
（School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 11 0870, China）
Abstract: Taking SZ11 -100000/220 transformers as the research object, PSCAD/EMTDC was used to build the transformer model for time domain simulation. The influences of transformer excitation current and harmonic characteristics under different DC offsets are analyzed. Based on the optimization analysis of resistive-capacitor DC-blocking method, a resistive-capacitor DC-blocking method with fault protection is proposed. By devising the main parameters of the circuit, a transformer model is built, and the DC bias of the transformer before and after the DC bias suppression measures are simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the degree of distortion of the transformer's excitation current is positively related to the direct current flowing into the neutral point.When the DC component is 5 A, the positive half cycle of the excitation current is 6.23 A, the negative half cycle is -0.30 A, and even harmonics appear.When the proposed suppression measures are taken, the DC value of the neutral point is controlled within the allowable range, which greatly reduces the degree of DC bias.If the system fails, the bypass in the device is immediately grounded to protect the capacitor's safe operation.
Key words: transformer; DC bias; resistive-capacitor DC-blocking method; excitation current; harmonic characteristics; suppression measures
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] 杜建平，李書連，欒蘭，等．直流偏磁下400 kV單相電力變壓器勵磁特性的試驗(yàn)研究[J]. 變壓器，2017，54(1)：50-53.
[2] 林湘寧，楊國穩(wěn)，翁利琍，等．直流偏磁下變壓器無功消耗增多對系統(tǒng)電壓的影響分析[J]. 高電壓技術(shù)，2016，42(1)：272-278.
[3] 肖華．特高壓直流輸電引起的變壓器直流偏磁問題的研究[D]. 成都：西南交通大學(xué)，2010.
[4] 李曉萍，文習(xí)山，陳慈萱．單相變壓器直流偏磁勵磁電流仿真分析[J]. 高電壓技術(shù)，2005，31(9)：8-10.
[5] 駱志堅，葉杰宏．直流單極運(yùn)行時諧波對并聯(lián)電容器的影響[J]. 電力電容器與無功補(bǔ)償，2009，30(5)：58-61.
[6] KAPPENMAN J G, NORR S R, SWEEZY G A, et al. GIC mitigation：A neutral blocking/bypass device to prevent the flow of GIC in power systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery，1991，6(3)：1271-1281.
[7] ZHU H, OVERBYE T J. Blocking Device Placement for Mitigating the Effects of Geomagnetically Induced Currents[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems，2015，30(4)：2081-2089.
[8] ETEMADI A H, REZAEI-ZARE A. Optimal Placement of GIC Blocking Devices for Geomagnetic Disturbance Mitigation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems，2014，29(6)：2753-2762.
[9] 劉春明，黃彩臣，林晨翔．抑制變壓器地磁感應(yīng)電流的電容隔直裝置安裝位置優(yōu)化[J]. 電力系統(tǒng)自動化，2016，40(16)：132-137.
[10] 楊培宏，鄭許朋，劉連光，等．變壓器中性點(diǎn)配置小電阻器對治理電網(wǎng)GIC的效果分析[J]. 電網(wǎng)技術(shù)，2017，41(4)：1324-1331.
[11] BOLDUC L, GRANGER M, PAREG, et al. Development of a DC Current-Blocking Device for Transformer Neutrals[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery，2005，20(1)：163-168.
[12] 潘卓洪，梅桂華，張露，等．抑制變壓器直流偏磁的電流注入法[J]. 電力系統(tǒng)自動化，2009，33(20)：88-91.
[13] 梅桂華，梁文進(jìn)，劉艷村，等．變壓器直流偏磁電流阻容抑制裝置的開發(fā)應(yīng)用[J]. 高電壓技術(shù)，2009，35(10)：2581-2585.
[14] 李長云．半島地質(zhì)環(huán)境下直流偏磁效應(yīng)計算與評估研究[D]. 濟(jì)南：山東大學(xué)，2011 .
